実践問題集

実践問題集

問題1: 高可用性Webアプリケーション

要件:

• 3層アーキテクチャ（Web、App、DB）
• 99.99%の可用性
• 自動スケーリング
• マルチAZ配置
• コスト最適化

解答:

Resources:
  # Application Load Balancer
  ALB:
    Type: AWS::ElasticLoadBalancingV2::LoadBalancer
    Properties:
      Type: application
      Subnets:
        - !Ref PublicSubnet1
        - !Ref PublicSubnet2
      SecurityGroups:
        - !Ref ALBSecurityGroup

  # Auto Scaling Group
  AutoScalingGroup:
    Type: AWS::AutoScaling::AutoScalingGroup
    Properties:
      MinSize: 2
      MaxSize: 10
      DesiredCapacity: 2
      VPCZoneIdentifier:
        - !Ref PrivateSubnet1
        - !Ref PrivateSubnet2
      TargetGroupARNs:
        - !Ref TargetGroup
      HealthCheckType: ELB
      HealthCheckGracePeriod: 300

  # RDS Multi-AZ
  DBInstance:
    Type: AWS::RDS::DBInstance
    Properties:
      Engine: mysql
      MultiAZ: true
      DBInstanceClass: db.t3.medium
      AllocatedStorage: 100
      BackupRetentionPeriod: 7
      PreferredBackupWindow: '03:00-04:00'

  # CloudFront
  Distribution:
    Type: AWS::CloudFront::Distribution
    Properties:
      DistributionConfig:
        Origins:
          - Id: ALBOrigin
            DomainName: !GetAtt ALB.DNSName
        DefaultCacheBehavior:
          TargetOriginId: ALBOrigin
          ViewerProtocolPolicy: redirect-to-https

問題2: サーバーレスAPI

要件:

• RESTful API
• 認証が必要
• データベースはDynamoDB
• ログとモニタリング

解答:

Resources:
  # API Gateway
  ApiGateway:
    Type: AWS::ApiGateway::RestApi
    Properties:
      Name: MyAPI

  # Lambda関数
  LambdaFunction:
    Type: AWS::Lambda::Function
    Properties:
      FunctionName: MyAPIFunction
      Runtime: python3.11
      Handler: index.lambda_handler
      Role: !GetAtt LambdaExecutionRole.Arn
      Environment:
        Variables:
          TABLE_NAME: !Ref DynamoDBTable

  # DynamoDB
  DynamoDBTable:
    Type: AWS::DynamoDB::Table
    Properties:
      TableName: MyTable
      BillingMode: PAY_PER_REQUEST
      AttributeDefinitions:
        - AttributeName: id
          AttributeType: S
      KeySchema:
        - AttributeName: id
          KeyType: HASH

  # CloudWatch Logs
  LogGroup:
    Type: AWS::Logs::LogGroup
    Properties:
      LogGroupName: /aws/lambda/MyAPIFunction
      RetentionInDays: 7

問題3: コスト最適化

要件:

• 開発環境のコスト削減
• バッチ処理の最適化
• ストレージコストの削減

解答:

Resources:
  # Spot Instances for Development
  SpotFleet:
    Type: AWS::EC2::SpotFleetRequestConfig
    Properties:
      SpotFleetRequestConfig:
        IamFleetRole: !GetAtt SpotFleetRole.Arn
        SpotPrice: '0.05'
        TargetCapacity: 5
        LaunchSpecifications:
          - ImageId: ami-12345678
            InstanceType: t3.medium

  # Scheduled Scaling
  ScheduledAction:
    Type: AWS::AutoScaling::ScheduledAction
    Properties:
      AutoScalingGroupName: !Ref AutoScalingGroup
      ScheduledActionName: ScaleDownAtNight
      Recurrence: '0 22 * * *'
      MinSize: 0
      MaxSize: 0
      DesiredCapacity: 0

  # S3 Lifecycle Policy
  LifecyclePolicy:
    Type: AWS::S3::BucketPolicy
    Properties:
      Bucket: !Ref S3Bucket
      LifecycleConfiguration:
        Rules:
          - Id: TransitionToIA
            Status: Enabled
            Transitions:
              - Days: 30
                StorageClass: STANDARD_IA
              - Days: 90
                StorageClass: GLACIER

まとめ

実践問題を解く際のポイント：

• 要件の理解: 要件を正確に把握
• サービス選択: 適切なAWSサービスの選択
• コスト意識: コストとパフォーマンスのバランス
• セキュリティ: セキュアな設計の実装
• 可用性: 高可用性アーキテクチャの設計

実践問題を繰り返し解くことで、試験対策が効果的になります。